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Following are the benefits of biodiversity to mankind:

Ecological benefits:

No.

Component of Biodiversity

Importance

1.

Trees

Provide habitat and food for birds, insects, other plants and animals.

2.

Insects, bats, birds and other animals

Pollination of plants.

3.

Parasites and predators

Control of natural population.

Maintain balance in ecosystem.

4.

Green plants

Carry out purification of air (take in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and replenish it with oxygen)

5.

Forests

Serve as important “sinks” for the absorption of carbon dioxide.

Act as key factors in reducing global climatic change.

6.

Wetlands

Serve as a sponge to reduce the impact of floods and to cleanse streams by filtering sediments, nutrients and contaminants from inflowing water.

7.

Earthworms and bacteria

Serve as decomposers.

Recycling organic materials and maintaining the productivity of soils.

Economic benefits:

No.

Component of Biodiversity

Importance

1.

Fishes, fruits, berries, mushrooms, wheat, corn, rice, vegetables

As food

2.

Timber, coal, oil and natural gases

Natural resources to produce energy, fuel.

3.

Timber and other forest products

Used as building materials and for shelter.

4.

Fibers (Wool and cotton)

Making clothes

5.

Bark of cinchona;

Penicillium notatum (Fungus)

Quinine (Medicine)

Penicillin (Antibiotic)

 

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