In nature we find objects having different colours.
The perception of colour makes it possible to distinguish between these colours.
The cone-shaped cells present on the retina of the eye respond to various colours of light when light is bright. There is more response to red, green and blue light.
They communicate to the brain cells about the colours of the image formed on the retina.
This enables us to get a proper idea about the colours of the object.
In the case of absence of the cone shaped cells from the retina of a person, he is unable to distinguish between various colours.