Question

Describe the structure and function of nucleus.

Answer 1

STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF NUCLEUS

Structure:

1. Nucleus is situated in the cytoplasm of the cell.
2. Usually, it is round but many different shaped nuclei can be seen in some cells.
3. It is surrounded by two porous membranes called nuclear membranes which remain continuous with the Endoplasmic Reticulum.
4. Within the nuclear membrane is present a liquid substance called nucleoplasm.
5. Nucleoplasm contains two types of chromatin material: Heterochromatin and Euchromatin.
6. Chromatin fibres are thin thread-like structures composed of DNA and proteins.
7. These fibres condense to form short thick chromosomes during cell division and become visible.
8. DNA molecules transfer hereditary information from one generation to the next.

Function:

1. Nucleus is one of the most important components of the cell.
2. It controls the various metabolic activities of the cell. Therefore, it is called the control centre of the cell.
3.  If the nucleus is removed, the cell ultimately dies.
4. It controls cell division.
5. It is involved in transmission of hereditary characters from parents to off springs.