Question

Role of centrioles in cell division. OR Role of centrioles in mitosis. OR Role of centrioles in animal cells.

Answer 1

ROLE OF CENTRIOLES IN CELL DIVISION / MITOSIS

1. Centrioles are the cylindrical shaped structure of cell presents only in eukaryotes and absent in plants and fungi.
2. It is composed of nine triplets of microtubules that are the proteins of cytoskeleton.
3. They are involved in the formation and organisation of spindle during cell division (mitotic phase) and also in the process of cytokinesis.
4. During early prophase pair of centrioles initiates separation that starts the formation of spindle between them.
5. These replicated centrioles produce spindle fibres in a large amount during metaphase of mitosis and also of meiosis, which enters the nuclear part of cell.
6. Spindle fibres contain multiple proteins that help in the binding with centromere during cell cycle.
7. They originate from the poles of the cell by the organelle called centriole, and attached to the kinetochore of the chromatid.
8. During anaphase they are shortened, which pulls the chromosomes to the opposite poles separated from the pairs.
9. In this way the centrioles produce spindle that help in the separation of chromosomes into two new daughter cells. This process is also known as the distribution of hereditary or genetic information between new cells.

REFERENCE:

1. Image: http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/centrioles/images/centriolesfigure1.jpg