Phyllotaxy is the term used to represent the arrangement of leaves on the stem or branches. Phyllotaxy there by limits the overcrowding of leaves resulting in the exposing the leaves to maximum sunlight and there by maximum photosynthesis.
The four main types of phyllotaxy are:
(i) Alternate
(ii) Opposite
(iii) Ternate
(iv) Whorled.