in Anatomy of Flowering Plants by

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A dicotyledonous root possesses typical characteristic features such as:

  1. The stellar region is small while the cortex is large.
  2. The air cavity is completely absent in the cortex.
  3. Exodermis is absent.
  4. Endodermis possesses suberin and lignin on their radial and tangential walls.
  5. The vascular bundle is usually four in number.
  6. The xylem is exarch; xylem alternates with the phloem elements.
  7. Xylem elements are present more towards the inner side of the stele.
  8. Xylem and phloem elements are limited in number.
  9. Presence of parenchymatous conjunctive tissues.
  10. Pith is small or usually absent.
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