The structural and functional unit of kidney is called as a Nephron. It performs nearly all the functions of the kidney. Some of them are:
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It plays an important role in excretion, osmoregulation and homeostasis.
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It performs key roles in the formation of urine by the three processes of Ultra filtration, reabsorption and secretion.
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It regulates salt content, pH, osmotic pressure, blood pressure.
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Maintains Acid and base balance.
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Removal of harmful products like toxins and poisons from the body.
