Explain enzymes with the type of reaction they catalyse.

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Explain enzymes with the type of reaction they catalyse.

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Lifeeasy Authors · Answer 1

Enzymes are biocatalyst synthesized by the living cell. They are proteins in nature, colloidal and heat labile in character and specific in their action. Enzymes are grouped under six major classes according to the type of reactions they catalyze. They are listed in the table below:

	Enzyme Class	Description	Reaction catalyzed	Example
1.	Oxidoreductases	Enzymes involved in oxidation-reduction reaction	Oxidation $\longrightarrow$ Reduction AH2 + B ―→ A + BH2	Alcohol dehydrogenase
2.	Transferases	Enzymes that catalyze transfer of functional groups	Group Transfer C – X + D $\longrightarrow$ C + D – X	Transaminase, hexokinase
3.	Hydrolases	Enzymes that bring about hydrolysis of various complex molecules	Hydrolysis A – B + HOH $\longrightarrow$ AH + BOH	Urease, Lipase, Pepsin
4.	Lyases	Enzyme involved in addition or loss of groups to double bond	Addition $\longrightarrow$ Elimination C – D + X – Y $\longrightarrow$ CX + DY	Fumarase, Aldolase
5.	Isomerase	Enzymes involved in isomerization reactions	Isomerization B $\longrightarrow$ B′	Ketoisomerase, retinol isomerase
6.	Ligases	Enzymes involved in synthesis by condensation of two groups requiring ATP	Condensation X + Y ― $\longrightarrow$ X – Y ATP	Acetyl CoA carboxylase

Explain enzymes with the type of reaction they catalyse.

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