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Cancer can be diagnosed by using the following tests and techniques:

No.

Name of test/technique

Description

1.

Pap’s test

Cervical smear is examined to detect cancer of cervix

2.

Biopsy

Histological examination of cells or tissues.

3.

DNA probe analysis

Detection of genes using molecular biology techniques which makes a person susceptible to cancer

4.

Gastroscopy

Used to detect stomach cancer

5.

Laparoscopy

Examination of pelvic cancer

6.

Monitoring techniques

Detection of molecular changes in cell

7.

Mammography

Chest radiograph and sputum cytology used to  detect cancer of mammary gland

8.

Radiological techniques

X-rays, CT scans, MRI scan used to detect cancer of internal organs like brain, kidneys and pancreas.

9.

Monoclonal antibodies

Radio-labelled monoclonal antibodies used to detect cancer specific antigens.

10.

Blood and bone marrow tests

Used for checking increased cell counts

 

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