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1. It is a true seed developed from the ovule and is formed inside the fruit.
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1. The seed is known as the grain which is represented by the seeded fruit known as the caryopsis.
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2. The seed coat is distinct from the fruit coat or pericarp
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2. The seed coat is fused with the pericarp.
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3. The seed encloses two cotyledons.
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3. The seed encloses only a single cotyledon which is known as the scutellum.
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4. The seed coat is differentiated into outer testa and inner tegma.
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4. The seed coat is unilayered and is inseparable from the pericarp.
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5. The seeds may or may not possess endosperm so they are known respectively as the endospermic or non-endospermic dicot seed.
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5. Most of the monocot members possess endospermic grains.
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6. Presence of the distinct structures like the hilum, raphe and micropyle.
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6. The hilum, raphe and micropyle are absent.
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7. The two cotyledons enclose the embryonic axis in between them.
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7. The grain is divided internally into two distinct parts the by epithelium.
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8. In the endospermic seed the endosperm encloses the embryo.
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8. The endosperm is found above the embryo. The endosperm and the embryo are separated by the epithelium.
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9. The embryonic axis is divided into the hypocotyl and the epicotyl.
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9. The hypocotyl and epicotyl are absent.
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10. The plumule and the radicle are unprotected.
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10. The plumule is protected by the coleoptile and the radicle by the coleorhiza.
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11. Reserve food material is stored in the cotyledons and is used up at the time of seed germination.
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11. The reserve food material is stored in the endosperm which is passed to embryo through the cotyledons.
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