(1) Microinjection:
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The targeted tissue or cell is microinjected with corrected gene by the process of microinjection.
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The only disadvantage of this method is that only single cell manipulation can be done.
(2) Electroporation:
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Applying proper voltage creates permeability in the cell, thus foreign gene is accepted.
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The disadvantage is that only 10% of cells survive rest all die.
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Out of these 10%, only 30% are transformed stably.
(3) Calcium PO4 mediated transfection :
It is another method where Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) is used as fusogen.
(4) Retroviruses:
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They act as a vector for our gene of interest and also show side specificity, which is the advantage of this method.
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The only disadvantage is reversion of viral property.
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Other viruses like SV40 are also used.
(5) Injection of liposomes:
Liposomes can be used to carry our gene of interest, i.e. corrected gene and thus can be injected intravenously.
